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A Man and His Presidents: The Political Odyssey of William F. Buckley Jr. Hardcover – May 2, 2017
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“Deeply researched and smoothly written. . . . A superb political biography.”—Lee Edwards, Wall Street Journal
"Will appeal to both conservatives and liberals seeking to understand 'democratic politics' and Buckley’s accomplishments as an author, commentator, and leader."—Library Journal, Starred Review
William F. Buckley Jr. is widely regarded as the most influential American conservative writer, activist, and organizer in the postwar era. In this nuanced biography, Alvin Felzenberg sheds light on little-known aspects of Buckley’s career, including his role as back-channel adviser to policy makers, his intimate friendship with both Ronald and Nancy Reagan, his changing views on civil rights, and his break with George W. Bush over the Iraq War.
Felzenberg demonstrates how Buckley conveyed his message across multiple platforms and drew upon his vast network of contacts, his personal charm, his extraordinary wit, and his celebrity status to move the center of political gravity in the United States closer to his point of view. Including many rarely seen photographs, this account of one of the most compelling personalities of American politics will appeal to conservatives, liberals, and even the apolitical.
- Print length448 pages
- LanguageEnglish
- PublisherYale University Press
- Publication dateMay 2, 2017
- Dimensions9.3 x 6.3 x 1.2 inches
- ISBN-100300163843
- ISBN-13978-0300163841
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Editorial Reviews
Review
"A gracefully written and richly informative book."—Damon Linker, New York Times
"Insightful. . . . this well-researched work will appeal to both conservatives and liberals seeking to understand 'democratic politics' and Buckley’s accomplishments as an author, commentator, and leader."—William D. Pederson, Library Journal (starred review)
"Al Felzenberg shows in this fine political biography . . . that Buckley was ahead of his time when it came to promoting his views: cross-pollinating every form of media, leveraging relationships behind the scenes, and blending all this with the allure of lifestyle (his own) and entertainment (that celebrated wit)."—Cullen Murphy, Vanity Fair
"A well-delineated portrait of an impassioned conservative."—Kirkus Reviews
"Felzenberg writes with grace and good humor."—John R. Coyne, The American Spectator
"A magisterial biography. . . . Felzenberg captures the toute ensemble, telling the story of modern America’s most vital conservative force in prose that is as enlivening as it is illuminating. No one with an interest in the past six decades of American history will want to miss this wonderful and irreplaceable book."—New Criterion
"Describes Buckley’s various crusades with skill and detail. . . . A Man and His Presidents thoroughly captures Buckley’s life and decades-long career, a comprehensive portrait of one of the towering figures of 20th-century conservatism."—Andrew Burt, The Los Angeles Review of Books
"A well-balanced, richly detailed account of a most remarkable political journey. . . . Felzenberg’s book surely won’t be the final word on WFB’s political odyssey; but for now, it is probably the best."—Rachel Currie, The National Review
"I've heard a lot of Buckley stories over the years, but Al Felzenberg's diligent mining of both the vast Buckley correspondence and the secondary literature on WFB brought to light some facets of the story of which I was insufficiently aware."—George Weigel, First Things
"William F. Buckley was the most consequential journalist of his era because he always was much more than a journalist. This is a brisk, groundbreaking examination of Buckley's history-shaping role as a tireless and sometimes audacious political operative."—George F. Will
"History comes alive as this lively and important book takes us on a trip covering Bill Buckley's views of twentieth-century presidents."—Former U.S. Secretary of State George P. Shultz
"Here is the political Buckley, a revelation of range and influence, wit, friendship, inexhaustible letter-writing, and a subtle evolution of views. As always with Buckley, love of the language came first."—James K. Galbraith, author of Welcome to the Poisoned Chalice: The Destruction of Greece and the Future of Europe
"Alvin Felzenberg tells the inside story of William F. Buckley, Jr.'s relations--intimate, supportive, adversarial--with American presidents over forty years. A fascinating peek behind the curtain."—Richard Brookhiser, author of Founders' Son: A Life of Abraham Lincoln
"Al Felzenberg’s fascinating tour de force of research comes at the perfect time in American history, providing a sharp understanding of the continuing attraction of a key figure shaping our politics today."—Cokie Roberts, author and political commentator for NPR and ABC News
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Product details
- Publisher : Yale University Press
- Publication date : May 2, 2017
- Language : English
- Print length : 448 pages
- ISBN-10 : 0300163843
- ISBN-13 : 978-0300163841
- Item Weight : 1.85 pounds
- Dimensions : 9.3 x 6.3 x 1.2 inches
- Best Sellers Rank: #455,801 in Books (See Top 100 in Books)
- #622 in Political Conservatism & Liberalism
- #1,575 in Political Leader Biographies
- #2,297 in United States Biographies
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Customers find the book well-researched and informative, providing an excellent overview of William F. Buckley Jr.'s life. Moreover, the writing style receives positive feedback, with customers describing it as very well written and easy to read. Additionally, they appreciate the historical content, with one customer noting it provides a detailed look at Buckley's political beliefs.
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Customers find the book thought-provoking, praising its well-researched content and excellent overview of William F. Buckley Jr., with one customer noting how it guides readers through his life's peaks and valleys.
"I found each chapter extremely interesting. It showed how his thinking evolved through time...." Read more
"...All this being said, the book is well researched and is an excellent primer for understanding Buckley's political beliefs, evolution and influence..." Read more
"Much of the book was informative and insightful , but I was both surprised and disappointed that there was no reference to either President Carter's..." Read more
"...That said, this is a well-researched and well-written book...." Read more
Customers appreciate the writing style of the book, finding it very well written and easy to read, with one customer noting its detailed approach.
"...The reading and cadence was very understandable and proper, and just a little dull..." Read more
"...His use of language, wit, and powers of observation seem unparalleled, unlikely ever to be duplicated..." Read more
"A clear and detailed look by a clearly strong admirer of an American Icon." Read more
"...That said, this is a well-researched and well-written book...." Read more
Customers appreciate the historical content of the book, with one customer noting it serves as an excellent primer for understanding Buckley's political beliefs.
"...the book is well researched and is an excellent primer for understanding Buckley's political beliefs, evolution and influence on others...." Read more
"...compass, the reader is provided a rich history of American politics when discourse was still in vogue...." Read more
"Excellent historically ... keeps one's interest ..." Read more
"it was a great historical perspective." Read more
Customers appreciate the book's wit.
"...His use of language, wit, and powers of observation seem unparalleled, unlikely ever to be duplicated..." Read more
"...I'm trying to plow through this book. It's well written and very interesting, but what a delight it would be if readers were spared the difficulty..." Read more
"Agree or disagree with Bill Buckley, his wit was fascinating to watch. The book is well researched and written in style...." Read more
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Buckley and his presidents
Top reviews from the United States
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- Reviewed in the United States on July 10, 2017Format: KindleVerified PurchaseI found each chapter extremely interesting. It showed how his thinking evolved through time. Also I enjoyed how he relished his role as the GOP president "whisperer", particularly with Reagan.
- Reviewed in the United States on June 15, 2017Format: Audio CDVerified PurchaseVery much as the title would suggest and not much else. Well researched with a somewhat dry theme, considering the subject (Buckley). Felzenburg never approaches the man, but Buckley's relationships and varying influence imports a general theme that the title suggests. Those intent on finding a biography that inspires will find instead an even handed analysis of Buckley's views and progresses with a special emphasis on his interactions and political influence exertions. There is no feeling that the man seemed to think about anything except politics. Although the book stressed the importance of his family and religion, one gets the impression that he had neither by the scant references to his experiences or reliance on them. He is said to have been extremely well read and studied, however, this possible gold mine of info was barely touched upon at all. The author at the end seems aloof of what Buckley actually believed when you get down to brass tacks (beyond first and second order politics). All this being said, the book is well researched and is an excellent primer for understanding Buckley's political beliefs, evolution and influence on others. It guides the reader through his peaks and valleys. It really does educate the reader on all of the important political interactions of Buckley's life. It is telling that one of the most interesting parts of the book for me was the description of his period of involvement with personnel involved in the Watergate affair. Despite my longing for more of the true man, his family, self education and religion, the important merits I mention above make this a certified and useful book. I bought the audio version read by Meskimen: I only detected three misread words in the 14 cds. The reading and cadence was very understandable and proper, and just a little dull (understandable, given much of the subject matter, but I did expect a little more presentation prowess, but maybe I'm being a little too hard?), however, I am very grateful this book is available on audio, as I was able save time by listening to it in my car. It's also nice to know the someone of Meskimen's caliber was brought on to do the reading.
Very much as the title would suggest and not much else. Well researched with a somewhat dry theme, considering the subject (Buckley). Felzenburg never approaches the man, but Buckley's relationships and varying influence imports a general theme that the title suggests. Those intent on finding a biography that inspires will find instead an even handed analysis of Buckley's views and progresses with a special emphasis on his interactions and political influence exertions. There is no feeling that the man seemed to think about anything except politics. Although the book stressed the importance of his family and religion, one gets the impression that he had neither by the scant references to his experiences or reliance on them. He is said to have been extremely well read and studied, however, this possible gold mine of info was barely touched upon at all. The author at the end seems aloof of what Buckley actually believed when you get down to brass tacks (beyond first and second order politics). All this being said, the book is well researched and is an excellent primer for understanding Buckley's political beliefs, evolution and influence on others. It guides the reader through his peaks and valleys. It really does educate the reader on all of the important political interactions of Buckley's life. It is telling that one of the most interesting parts of the book for me was the description of his period of involvement with personnel involved in the Watergate affair. Despite my longing for more of the true man, his family, self education and religion, the important merits I mention above make this a certified and useful book. I bought the audio version read by Meskimen: I only detected three misread words in the 14 cds. The reading and cadence was very understandable and proper, and just a little dull (understandable, given much of the subject matter, but I did expect a little more presentation prowess, but maybe I'm being a little too hard?), however, I am very grateful this book is available on audio, as I was able save time by listening to it in my car. It's also nice to know the someone of Meskimen's caliber was brought on to do the reading.
Images in this review
- Reviewed in the United States on August 19, 2017Format: HardcoverVerified PurchaseThis gem explores the legacy of WFB as a political commentator without peer..Regardless of instinctual
compass, the reader is provided a rich history of American politics when discourse was still in vogue.
WFB is revealed as a man driven by ambition, an ambition to serve his sense of duty, to abide by what
he saw as a life where principles governed all, but where the times required questioning and a constant
skepticism as to how to apply those principles to a world beset by dizzying change and grave challenges..
WFB wanted to be an agent of change, a role often misunderstood and trivialized by his detractors. His use of language, wit, and powers of observation seem unparalleled, unlikely ever to be duplicated
again..By approaching the content in the light of WFB contacts and connections with Presidents, we are
afforded a unique and vivid set of insights into the machinery of government during his time
- Reviewed in the United States on August 16, 2017Format: KindleVerified PurchaseA clear and detailed look by a clearly strong admirer of an American Icon.
- Reviewed in the United States on September 3, 2017Format: KindleVerified PurchaseMuch of the book was informative and insightful , but I was both surprised and disappointed that there was no reference to either President Carter's recognition of the PRC (and the consequent de-recognition of the ROC(Taiwan) as well as the abrogation of the defense treaty with Taiwan. The author also ignored the China issue during Reagan's campaign and early years, despite the fact that conservatives had made this a major issue during the campaign. One would assume Buckley had strong views on what Carter did and Reagan, despite the campaign rhetoric, did not do once he became president (i.e. restore relations with Taiwan).
- Reviewed in the United States on January 4, 2018Format: KindleVerified PurchaseCaveat: I've been a Buckley fan most of my life.
Hardly a paean to Buckley. The reader can enjoy as Buckley morphs from full-on arch-conservative to a more pragmatic America protector. His interactions and connections with the various presidents facilitates continuity of the book which provides, I think, some new insights into Buckley and his beliefs. I found it fascinating.
Top reviews from other countries
- W.RobinsonReviewed in the United Kingdom on February 9, 2022
3.0 out of 5 stars Over-inflated
Format: KindleVerified PurchaseI really wanted to enjoy this book. Buckley is a fascinating figure in the history of American journalism and the author is clearly an expert who has done his research (and then some). The trouble is that the premise of the book does not work. Buckley clearly thought highly of himself and his influence. But the author does not persuade me of his view that Buckley was such an important figure after all. The book is just so long and so wearisome in the chronicling of Buckley's small-time feuds, especially in the early part of his career. The author tries to depict Buckley as having a coherent view of the world, but it seems to me that he was just improvising and there are many jarring footnotes and afterthoughts along the lines of, 'in later life, Buckley changed his view about this.' Particularly so in matters to do with civil rights. Buckley has a lot to answer for here, and I think the author is too forgiving of Buckley's clear antipathy to the civil rights movement in the 1960s. The author hardly ever criticises Buckley for anything at all, yet the personality he depicts is not especially likeable. Lastly - and this may be my own fault - I found it hard to follow some of the more complicated sentences. Here's one at random: 'In Buckley's presence, McCarthy, while a houseguest of Buckley's, received a telephone call from national Republican operatives beseeching him to campaign for Lodge in Boston.' Not bad on its own, but there's a fair amount of flab there and the whole book could be comfortably pruned.
Despite the length, however, a lot is left out. This is not a biography in the sense of an intimate portrayal of an important historical figure. Other than an early reference to Buckley using his garage as a study, there is little sense of his daily routine and surroundings. Yes, the author has had access to the family and the remaining survivors from the period, but I did not find it such a dramatic 'look behind the scenes' as was suggested by some reviewers. It is a rather bloated account of all Buckley's journalism, with plenty of squabbles thrown in. If you manage to make it deep into the book, he starts to have more contact with key people. But often the 'contact' is not that impressive. A short meeting with Nixon before he got the Republican nomination in 1960 is not really a massive story. And there is a lot of that sort of thing.
Personally, I would recommend this book to diehard fans of the subject - you get all his views and ideas and achievements very well chronicled, with a generous commentary too. But I still prefer the only other book I have read on Buckley - the much shorter biography by the beautifully named 'Professor Bogus'. In that work, I felt that Buckley came across as more human, more flawed. This might be because Bogus is not a 'fan' of Buckley, but tries very hard to see things from his point of view. One passage that stands out in that account is the one in which Bogus says that Buckley would go away every year to the mountains to write his 'big book' - but he never did. Instead he just wrote lots of pot-boilers and rather dreadful-sounding novels. He was rich and well-connected, with a great sense of style and a sharp wit - often marred by a sort of moral dogmatism. He is worthy of mention in any serious history of C20th America, but 'A Man and His Presidents' pushes things too far. Buckley has been inflated to such an extent that he almost ceases to be real. (Disclaimer: I had to bail out halfway through, but might return later).
- PhillipwhReviewed in Australia on June 18, 2017
5.0 out of 5 stars Conservative,, William Buckley - rather one who wanted action to be within the framework of the constitution
Format: KindleVerified Purchasewell worth the read. A man who tried to live by his principles and to subject them to revision when he found his principles to be wrong. Also, a lot of fun!
-
J. RuppReviewed in Germany on September 30, 2018
4.0 out of 5 stars Buckley und die Politik
Format: KindleVerified Purchase„A Man and His Presidents, deeply researched and smoothly written, is a superb political biography. At its core is the friendship between Buckley and Reagan, who corresponded and telephoned constantly about matters of state and sometimes their children’s future. The two did disagree — as on the Panama Canal treaties (which Reagan opposed) and the Intermediate-Range Nuclear Force Treaty (which Buckley opposed) — but never allowed their policy differences to weaken their ties.“
Diese lobenden Worte stammen aus der Buchbesprechung von Lee Edwards, die unter dem Titel „The Man With the President’s Ear“ am 11.05.2017 im Wall Street Journal veröffentlicht worden ist. Edwards verweist zu Recht auf die freundschaftliche Beziehung zwischen Buckley und Reagan, die im Mittelpunkt von Alvin Felzenbergs Arbeit steht.
Dem Autor geht es in seiner Studie primär darum, Buckley als einen Mann darzustellen, der mit seiner ganzen Vitalität in das politische Geschehen seiner Zeit involviert war. Er war nicht nur ein bekannter Intellektueller, der Bücher schrieb und mit National Review ein Magazin geschaffen hatte, welches zur Bibel für Konservative geworden war, sondern der als Debattierer, Organisator, Netzwerker und Berater einen nachhaltigen Einfluss auf die amerikanische Politikgestaltung in der zweiten Hälfte des Zwanzigsten Jahrhunderts ausübte.
Dabei widmet Felzenberg dem Verhältnis zwischen Buckley und den US-Präsidenten die gebührende Aufmerksamkeit. Von FDR über JFK und LBJ bis hin zu GWB reicht das präsidiale Spektrum, welches der Autor abdeckt. Aber lediglich Richard Nixon und Ronald Reagan werden mit jeweils zwei Kapiteln gewürdigt.
Felzenberg geht zunächst auf den familiären Hintergrund, die Kindheit und die Jugend von Buckley näher ein. Hierbei wird deutlich, wie vor allem der Vater auf den jungen William einwirkte. Dem wirtschaftlichen Geschick des Vaters hatte es die Familie zu verdanken, dass sie einen beachtlichen Wohlstand genießen konnte. William und seine zahlreichen Geschwister gehörten von Geburt der Oberschicht an; ein Umstand, der sie natürlich prägte.
So wurde ihnen eine erstklassige Schulbildung zuteil. Sie bewegten sich in gehobenen Kreisen und wurden von den Auswirkungen der „Großen Depression“ nicht negativ tangiert. Erst als Soldat und Offiziersanwärter wurde Buckley mit normalen Amerikanern konfrontiert, die nicht seiner sozialen Schicht angehörten. Nur mit Mühe gelang es ihm, sich diesen anzupassen oder notfalls auch unterzuordnen.
Mit dem Beginn seines Studiums an der Eliteuniversität von Yale geriet er schließlich wieder in ein vertrauteres Umfeld. Er engagierte sich begeistert in Diskussionsveranstaltungen und schaffte es sogar, an die Spitze der renommierten Studentenzeitung zu gelangen. Sein journalistisches Talent offenbarte sich in Yale bereits in vollen Zügen.
Sein katholischer Glaube und seine konservativen Ansichten wurden in Yale aber eher als ein Fremdkörper empfunden. Es war deshalb auch keine Überraschung, dass sich Buckley in seinem ersten Buch nicht gerade positiv über seine Alma Mater äußerte. In „God and Man at Yale“ warf er der Universität vor, dass sie sich von ihren christlichen und klassisch-liberalen Traditionen verabschiedet habe.
Nach seinem erfolgreichen Studienabschluss arbeitete er kurzzeitig für die CIA. Seine eigentliche Berufung fand er allerdings als konservativer Publizist und Aktivist. 1955 gründete er National Review, welches sich schnell zum führenden Magazin der konservativen Bewegung entwickelte. Mit Hilfe dieser Bewegung wollte Buckley die amerikanische Politik in eine Richtung bewegen, die nach innen den Staat begrenzte und nach außen einen harten antikommunistischen Kurs verfolgte.
Schon als Heranwachsender hatte er die Politik des „New Deal“ von Franklin D. Roosevelt abgelehnt. Wie in seiner Familie üblich , hielt er auch von dessen Außenpolitik herzlich wenig, weshalb er die Isolationisten rund um Charles Lindbergh unterstützte. Von der isolationistischen Position rückte er im Verlauf seines Lebens ab; an seiner Kritik an staatlichen Interventionen in Wirtschaft und Gesellschaft hielt er jedoch fest.
Dementsprechend war seine Meinung über Harry S. Truman ambivalent. Dessen Innenpolitik lehnte er genauso ab, wie er es bereits bei Roosevelt getan hatte. Die Außenpolitik der Truman-Administration beurteilte er dagegen wohlwollender. Vor allem in der Rückschau lobte er deren konsequente Haltung gegenüber der Sowjetunion.
Wenn es um Präsident Eisenhower ging, war Buckleys Haltung nicht ambivalent, sondern eindeutig ablehnend. Er mochte Ike nicht und hielt ihn in keiner Weise für einen Konservativen. Die absurde Behauptung von Robert W. Welch, dem Gründer der John Birch Society, dass Eisenhower ein Kommunist sei, wurde von Buckley aber vollständig zurückgewiesen. Sein konservativer Weggefährte Russell Kirk brachte es treffend auf den Punkt, als er ironisch feststellte: „Ike’s not a communist, he’s a golfer!“
Mit dem Einzug von John F. Kennedy ins Weiße Haus nahm der Druck auf Buckley und andere verantwortungsbewusste Konservative zu, sich von Welch und dessen Organisation zu distanzieren. Kennedy und seine Mitstreiter waren nämlich von der Möglichkeit angetan, alle Konservativen als rechte Verschwörungstheoretiker zu verunglimpfen.
Der Herausgeber von National Review begann deshalb zu handeln. Felzenberg schreibt: „Sensing a liberal campaign to present all conservatives as indistinguishable from Birchers, Buckley swung into action.“ Zunächst ging er zu Robert Welch auf Distanz. Erst danach zog er eine rote Linie zur John Birch Society, die auch viele Mitglieder hatte, die National Review abonnierten und großzügig finanzierten.
Neben seinen Bemühungen, das rechte Lager von den falschen Leuten zu säubern, setzte sich Buckley mit den linksliberalen Gegenkräften auseinander. Präsident Johnsons Konzept einer „Great Society“ konnte er naturgemäß wenig abgewinnen. Gleiches galt für das Bestreben der Washingtoner Regierung, die Stellung der schwarzen Bevölkerung durch die Verabschiedung von Bundesgesetzen zu verbessern. Er sah hierin einen zentralistischen Angriff auf die Eigenständigkeit der Bundesstaaten, den es abzuwehren galt.
Als ihm jedoch klar wurde, dass die Südstaaten nur dann um ihre Eigenständigkeit besorgt waren, wenn es um die Bürgerrechtsgesetzgebung ging, rückte er von seinen einstigen Vorbehalten ab. Einen ähnlichen Wandel vollzog er auch mit Bezug auf den Krieg in Vietnam. Anfangs unterstützte er diese militärische Auseinandersetzung vehement. Dann wurde ihm aber mehr und mehr deutlich, dass Johnson über keine Strategie verfügte, wie er den Krieg eigentlich gewinnen wollte.
In der Amtszeit von Johnson war es auch, in welcher Buckley den singulären Versuch unternahm, für ein politisches Amt zu kandidieren. 1965 trat er für die Konservative Partei in New York City an, um bei der Bürgermeisterwahl den linksliberalen Kandidaten der Republikaner etwas aus der Fassung zu bringen. Felzenberg geht in einem ganzen Kapitel auf diese Episode ein, was in der Rezension von G. Tracy Mehan zu Recht besonders hervorgehoben wird:
„There is also a wonderful chapter on Buckley’s famous 1965 New York City mayor’s race (a “paradigmatic campaign” said Buckley) entitled “Demand a Recount,” echoing his response to a reporter’s question as to what Buckley would do if he won the election. It is well worth reading even for readers of Buckley’s own account, The Unmaking of a Mayor (1966).“ (The Russell Kirk Center, 24.12.2017)
Durch den Wahlkampf in New York war es Buckley gelungen, sein Profil zu schärfen und seine Medienpräsenz zu erhöhen. Für Richard Nixon, der erneut daran arbeitete, Präsident zu werden, war die Galionsfigur der konservativen Bewegung daher ein unumgänglicher Ansprechpartner. Zwischen beiden Männern herrschte ein eher frostiges Klima. Im Präsidentschaftswahlkampf von 1960 hatte sich Buckley nämlich geweigert, eine Wahlempfehlung zugunsten des damaligen Vizepräsidenten abzugeben.
1968 hatte sich ihr Verhältnis aber etwas entspannt, so dass Buckley dazu bereit war, „Tricky Dick“ zu unterstützen. Nach dessen Wahlsieg gab er auch Personalempfehlungen ab. Die wichtigste Empfehlung betraf die Position des Nationalen Sicherheitsberaters, wo Buckley seinen alten Freund Henry Kissinger ins Spiel brachte, der dann zum bedeutendsten Mitarbeiter von Nixon aufsteigen sollte.
Zum Bedauern vieler Konservativer agierte der neue Präsident aber mehr wie ein Linksliberaler. Seine Innenpolitik unterschied sich kaum von der seines Amtsvorgängers. Gleiches galt für seine Wirtschaftspolitik, wo sich Nixon als ein Anhänger von John Maynard Keynes outete. In der Außenpolitik kam er Moskau und Peking derart entgegen, dass es Buckley und dessen Gesinnungsfreunde fast den Atem verschlug.
Als es schließlich zu dem Skandal kam, der dem Präsidenten sein Amt kostete, verhielt sich Buckley zunächst zurückhaltend. Nixons Schicksal war jedoch besiegelt und sein Rücktritt wurde unausweichlich. „Let the man go decently“, forderte Buckley und wandte sich damit gegen eine weitergehende Bestrafung von Nixon. Dies sah Präsident Ford nicht anders, weshalb er Nixon umgehend begnadigte.
Davon abgesehen machte sich Gerald Ford bei Konservativen nicht gerade beliebt. Auf dem Gebiet der Außenpolitik knüpfte er nahtlos an Nixon an. Buckley, der dies kritisierte, achtete allerdings stets darauf, dass seine Freundschaft mit Henry Kissinger, der unter Ford als Außenminister diente, nicht in Mitleidenschaft gezogen wurde.
Die Präsidentschaft von Jimmy Carter war aus konservativer Sicht eine einzige Enttäuschung. Es gab jedoch einen Punkt, bei dem Buckley auf der Seite des demokratischen Präsidenten stand. Er hatte nichts dagegen, dass dieser die amerikanische Kontrolle über den Panamakanal aufgab. Damit unterschied er sich grundlegend von Ronald Reagan, der die Carter-Administration für diesen Schritt scharf verurteilte.
Die beiden Männer waren aber meistens einer Meinung. Reagan gehörte zu den regelmäßigen Lesern von National Review. Buckley wurde so zu einem Tutor für den angehenden Präsidenten, der diesen mit dem nötigen ideologischen Rüstzeug versah. Mit den Jahren entwickelte sich zwischen ihnen eine enge Freundschaft, die auch Nancy Reagan einschloss. Bei Felzenberg heißt es dazu: „Buckley became Reagan’s most trusted adviser outside his official family and, after Nancy Reagan, Ronald Reagan’s primary enabler and protector.“
Mit Reagan hatten die Konservativen endlich einen Politiker gefunden, der nicht nur ihre Weltanschauung teilte, sondern der auch dazu im Stande war, die Menschen direkt anzusprechen und für sich zu gewinnen. Hierin lag Buckleys Faszination für den „Gipper“ begründet. Francis P. Sempa formuliert es in seiner Besprechung des Buches folgendermaßen: „Ultimately, Buckley saw Reagan as a political leader who could win high office and implement the conservative agenda and conservative ideas that Buckley had been writing and talking about for decades.“ (New York Journal of Books, July 3, 2017)
In den acht Jahren, die Reagan im Weißen Haus verbrachte, kam es lediglich ein einziges Mal zu einer heftigen Kontroverse zwischen dem amtierenden Präsidenten und Bill Buckley. Reagan setzte sich für die Abschaffung von atomaren Mittelstreckenraketen in Europa ein. Buckley hielt dies für gefährlich und falsch.
Zum einen bezweifelte er, dass sich die Sowjets an eine vertragliche Vereinbarung tatsächlich halten würden. Zum anderen käme der Wegfall der amerikanischen Mittelstreckenraketen primär der UdSSR zugute, weil die Rote Armee der NATO konventionell überlegen sei. Reagan schaffte es daher nicht, seinen Freund von den Vorteilen einer solchen Vereinbarung zu überzeugen.
Sieht man von dieser Unstimmigkeit einmal ab, war die Präsidentschaft von Ronald Reagan der Höhepunkt von Buckleys Einfluss in Washington. Bei den drei Präsidenten, die er im Anschluss an Reagan noch erlebte, sah es für ihn erheblich schlechter aus. Mit George H. W. Bush verband ihn zwar eine lange Freundschaft, die bis zu ihrer gemeinsamen Zeit in Yale zurückreichte, ideologisch standen sich die beiden jedoch nie besonders nahe.
Im Falle von Bill Clinton bemühte sich Buckley um eine sachliche Auseinandersetzung, die persönliche Attacken vermied. Als aber die Charakterschwächen von Clinton immer offensichtlicher wurden, kam auch Buckley nicht umhin, die Integrität von Clinton in Frage zu stellen. Selbst eine Amtsenthebung des 42. Präsidenten war für ihn kein Tabu.
Mit George W. Bush hatte Buckley ebenfalls beachtliche Differenzen. Je länger dessen Krieg im Irak andauerte, desto unzufriedener wurde er damit. Der Krieg zeigte aber auch die Meinungsverschiedenheiten innerhalb des konservativen Lagers auf, die sich seit dem Ende des Kalten Krieges bemerkbar machten. Jetzt gerieten Neokonservative und Neoisolationisten offen aneinander und Buckley war zu alt, um noch als Schiedsrichter fungieren zu können. Sogar National Review war nur noch eine Stimme unter vielen konservativen Publikationen.
Dennoch ist Felzenberg davon überzeugt, dass Buckley das Meiste in seinem Leben erreichte. Als er im Februar 2008 verstarb, hinterließ er ein Lebenswerk, das buchstäblich Geschichte geschrieben hatte. Die konservative Bewegung, die er aus der Taufe gehoben hatte, entpuppte sich als eine gewaltige Kraft, die von ihren Gegnern nicht einfach ignoriert werden konnte.
Die Kernthese von Felzenberg, dass man Buckley nicht nur als einen konservativen Intellektuellen interpretieren darf, sondern dass man ihn auch als einen herausragenden politischen Akteur begreifen muss, wird nicht von allen Experten geteilt. Unter dem Titel „Who Was Buckley?“ gibt David B. Frisk in seiner Besprechung der Studie, die am 31.07.2017 auf der Webseite von „Law & Liberty“ publiziert worden ist, den folgenden Einwand zu bedenken:
„One of Buckley’s closest associates, longtime National Review publisher William Rusher, of whom I wrote a biography several years ago, would have questioned descriptions like “strategist” and “politician.” Rusher greatly respected Buckley, of course, but also considered his worldly colleague to be short on political sophistication, and dilettantish in his political engagement. A Man and His Presidents qualifies as a serious challenge to such a perception. It must be added, however, that one doesn’t get the impression Felzenberg seriously considered Rusher’s reservations. He and other significant people in Buckley’s life who might, in various ways, have helped readers to occasionally take a more distanced perspective barely figure in the book.“
Auch wendet Frisk ein, dass der Titel von Felzenbergs Arbeit nicht unproblematisch ist, da Buckley lediglich mit Ronald Reagan und George H. W. Bush enger befreundet bzw. bekannt war. Er schreibt: „Another quibble is that the title, referring grandly to “His Presidents,” is overstated. Since Buckley knew only two of them well, Felzenberg doesn’t actually have detailed relationships to describe between the National Review founder and most of the 11 Presidents in his adult lifetime.“
Trotz dieser Vorbehalte ist es dem Autor gut gelungen, die politischen Aktivitäten seines Protagonisten klar aufzuzeigen. Es ist deshalb verständlich, dass Rachel Currie in ihrer Rezension des Werkes zum Schluß gelangt: „Felzenberg’s book surely won’t be the final word on WFB’s political odyssey; but for now, it is probably the best.“ (National Review, June 26, 2017)
Dem kann man sicherlich zustimmen.
Jürgen Rupp
- Thomas A. RegelskiReviewed in the United Kingdom on July 30, 2018
4.0 out of 5 stars Four Stars
Format: HardcoverVerified PurchaseInteresting read, although the author clearly leans to his subject.